What Is the Difference Between Craftsman and Arts and Crafts

Our art is the work of a modest minority composed of educated persons, fully witting of their aim of producing beauty, and distinguished from the great body of workmen by that aim. ~William Morris

Arts & Crafts is not Craftsman

Arts and Crafts is not Craftsman; it predates Craftsman style past lxxx years and began on the other side of the Atlantic. The defoliation of American Craftsman fashion with Arts & Crafts is a common misunderstanding because they have the same roots in William Morris. Morris, father of the Arts & Crafts motility, died in 1896 so missed the usual turn-of-the-century date referenced for the Arts & Crafts movement.

Bluish and White William Morris Poppy Tiles, installed in Kelmscott House study fireplace, London

Morris preferred a simpler, more than honest style by Victorian standards; he wanted to elevate the decorative arts to the level of fine fine art. Gustave Stickley designed and sold mass-produced house plans in his catalog, Craftsman Homes, equally well equally his own mass-produced piece of furniture -- hence Craftsman-mode.

Craftsman Manner

Early American Arts and crafts homes, however, were more Morris in their philosophy and these are also called Craftsman, more than in keeping with the medieval roots of the German language word kraft than the early on 20th century mass-produced style. The similarities are the use of natural materials and motifs.

While Morris was an inspiration to Stickley and many who came afterward, information technology's difficult to conceive him equally being a Stickley fan. Arts and crafts is a philosophy. Craftsman is a style. Morris applied that philosophy to Red House, the first Arts & Crafts home, full of medieval inspirations.

The medieval undertones of Arts & Crafts abound at Kelmscott, Morris'due south terminal and nigh beloved habitation. Kelmscott Manor is Tudor, merely then identified with Morris, so total of Morris & Co. and Arts and Crafts effects, that its name evokes Pre-Raphaelite Arts & Crafts ideals and the values the underlie Arts & Crafts decorative arts.

Any habitation can incorporate Arts & Crafts -- Morris would similar that. But not every home can exist called Craftsman.

The Arts & Crafts Philosophy

Arts and Crafts has been called the Decorative Arts wings of the Pre-Raphaelite movement.

At the center of Arts & Crafts, is a philosophy, and a reactionary one at that: To elevate the decorative arts to the level of art, and to make them personal and accessible.

When William Morris (the Soul of Arts & Crafts) congenital Red Firm, his offset married home, it became a gathering place for a circle of Pre-Raphaelite artists, Burne-Jones, Rossetti, and others. Red House was designed by William Morris in collaboration with his friend, architect Philip Webb.

Arts & Crafts Tiles

William Morris Designs and Overview

William De Morgan Designs and Overview

Morris Gallery and Itemize

Tiles from Textile Designs

William De Morgan Gallery and Catalog

From Medieval to Arts & Crafts

Ruby-red House, was the only house commissioned past William Morris and the offset independent architectural work of his shut friend and collaborator, Philip Webb. William and Jane moved to Red Business firm when Morris was 26, and Jane a mere 19. Inspired past a summertime tour of the cathedrals of northern French republic with his friend, Edward Burne-Jones, Morris built Red House, and indeed the Arts & Crafts Movement, inspired past medieval values of craftsmanship that elevated decorative arts. At that fourth dimension, Morris had fairly recently come into his inheritance and little expense was spared.

Ruby House was built along the path that Chaucer's pilgrims would take traveled, and this theme was carried through much of its design. It became a place where classical medieval images and themes abounded. The Morrises lived at Red House for five years from 1860-65. Both daughter, Jenny and May, were built-in at Red House. Morris and his Pre-Raphaelite friends spent much of their free fourth dimension decorating and furnishing Scarlet Business firm, designing the medieval garden.

One of the first Arts & Crafts pieces: The William Morris St. George chiffonier 1861-1862 - designed by his friend Philip Webb and painted by Morris himself and his friends, Dante Gabriel Rossetti and Edward Burne-Jones for Reddish House, Morris's first married dwelling.

Tile Galleries

Crimson Firm and Early Tiles

Bestiaries, Celestials, Maps, and Monsters

Book of Hours, Herbals, Codices, and Crowns

Bestiary: Dragons, Unicorns, Unusual Pets

Medieval Codices, Gardens and Herbals

Morris & Co.

Conceived with friends after a dinner at Cherry-red House, 'The Firm' (Morris, Marshall, and Faulkner) later dissolved, and Morris & Co. was born. 'The Firm' offerings included tile, furniture, embroideries, stained drinking glass, created by Morris'south Pre-Raphaelite friends and their friends and families.

Pre-Raphaelite ceramics principal, William De Morgan, began his career in stained glass at Morris & Co. but his interests and souvenir lay in ceramics. After working with Mrrosi for several years, he was inspired establish his own tileworks, where he connected to produce decorative ceramics for Morris and others. His work came to define Arts & Crafts ceramics. His later work specially show a stylized element characteristic of Art Nouveau.

William De Morgan peacock fireplace tiles

William Morris Brother Rabbit Kitchen

Arts & Crafts Tile Galleries

William De Morgan Tiles

William Morris and Edward Burne-Jones Fairy Tale Fireplace Tiles

Glasgow School Arts & Crafts

Morris and Morris & Co. Tiles

Craft Tile Catalogs

William Morris and English Arts & Crafts to Art Nouveau

Later Arts & Crafts

Arts & Crafts: A Family Tree with Many Branches

Alas, these terms are used interchangeably, sometimes drawing boundaries where there are none, and at others blurring differences. We have:

• English Arts and Crafts - the simplified, naturalistic, medieval-inspired William Morris philosophy and style. A simple, near austere, way by Victorian standards.

• American Arts and Crafts - a term that embraces both Eastward Coast traditional Arts and Crafts and the make clean lines of Roycroft Arts & Crafts style of Elbert Hubbard's customs of artisans and craftsman, likewise every bit many Mediterranean-influence California Arts and crafts home and buildings

• Stickley Craftsman Style - An early 20th century manner, popularized by Gustav Stickley with mass produced architectural plans and furniture advertised in his magazine-catalog, The Craftsman

• Mission Style - Another name for Craftsman style in the Southwest -- a Stickley Craftsman furtniture salesman told a newspaper reporter that the table in his catalog could exist seen "in a Castilian Mission in Southern California." The newspaper printed it as Mission style and the name stuck.

• California Arts and Crafts - Nothing mass-produced nearly these. Think Greene & Greene and Run a risk House. Yet likewise called Craftsman.

My Arts & Crafts tiles are wonderful, of class, but they draw from the work of William Morris and a larger circle from English Arts & Crafts to early Art Nouveau: William De Morgan, Charles Rennie Mackintosh, Walter Crane. I also have some fin-de-siècle California Arts and crafts botanicals based on those commissioned of A.R. Valentien by Ellen Browning Scripps. For later Amerian Arts & Crafts and Craftsman tiles, you might like:

Duquella Tile

Pratt & Larson Craftsman tiles (These piece of work well equally field tile with my tiles

Tile Restoration Center

Frank Lloyd Wright tiles at Motawi Tileworks

William De Morgan Persian Fish Frieze

Later Arts and Crafts and Art Nouveau

The Arts & Crafts blueprint philosophy underpins Arts and crafts, Craftsman, and, to a lesser extent, Art Nouveau / Jugenstil. The tiles of William De Morgan, who began his career in the decorative arts working for William Morris, work well in both Victorian and Craft homes. De Morgan first worked in stained glass at Morris, Marshall, Faulkner and Co. before his interests shifted to pottery.

You would recollect that his early designs would reverberate more Victorian tastes and his later, more stylized designs, with Art Nouveau and American Craft -- However, early designs evolved and I detect myself having to examine the glaze and color to confirm the De Morgan "period", rather than the style of the design. (run across William Morris and William De Morgan Tulip and Trellis to compare the styles. Both were implemented by De Morgan, but Morris'southward influence is clearer in the earlier version).

William De Morgan Ships and Galleons Fireplace

Later De Morgan tiles fit in with American Arts & Crafts, Craftsman, and Art Nouveau styles. Tiles based on Glasgow Arts & Crafts main, Charles Rennie Mackintosh or Cincinnati ceramics main turned California botanical artist, AR Valentien, are at home in Arts & Crafts, Art Nouveau, and California Arts & Crafts or Craftsman homes.

De Morgan's Early Art Nouveau Manner

These tiles evidence De Morgan moving abroad from Morris'due south symmetical and natural forms to a more asymmetric and stylized form:

Fantastic Creatures a la Art Nouveau

Winged Seahorse panel

Fulham Ducks

Peacock and Salamander fireplace panels

Art Nouveau

Art Nouveau grew out of the mid-century Pre-Raphaelite Arts & Crafts movement and took concord in the 1890s, at a time when Morris's artist attentions had shifted to Kelmscott Printing. (see the Kelmscott Chaucer tiles.)

Walter Crane Tiles: Flora'south Train

Walter Crane and William Morris: Flower Tiles

De Morgan Happy Dragons

Farsi Garden of Fantastic Birds

Scottish Arts and Crafts Tiles

Inspired by Morris and his Pre-Raphaelite friends, the Arts & Crafts movement in Scotland in the belatedly 1880s was centered in Glasgow. Like Morris, they worked across media, working in needlework, metal, carvings, and more. Glasgow schoolhouse influences fused Celtic Revival, Arts & Crafts, and continental influences that came to ascertain Art Nouveau.

Jessie Grand. King Garden Tiles

Margaret Macdonald 'Four Queens' Art Nouveau tiles

Jessie G. King Mermaid Backsplash

Charles Rennie Mackintosh Flowers

Jessie Chiliad. Rex Frog Prince

Hannah Moore Walton Pre-Raphaelite Painted Tile

California Arts & Crafts

As we've already seen, not all American Arts & Crafts are Craftsman. This is specially truthful in California. California Arts & Crafts style is more than in keeping with the medieval tradition of kraft that was beloved by Morris and the Pre-Raphaelites. The Take chances Firm in Pasadena, California, the Roycroft effects that however exist, and the Rockwood pottery of AR Valentien exemplify the Arts & Crafts philosophy. None of these were ever mass-produced.

Relief Tiles

Many of the original California Arts & Crafts homes had carved relief tiles. Morris and De Morgan made a few such every bit the lions shown, but it is more characteristic of the California style. I do non take any Morris or De Morgan relief tiles, but if y'all have an idea in mind for a relief tile, contact Steve Moon, my neighbor, across the river at Tile Restoration Middle. If he can't go far for you, he can probably bespeak you in the right direction.

California Craft Tiles

California Trees and Wildflowers, A.R. Valentien

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Source: https://williammorristile.com/arts-and-crafts-tiles.html

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